Деребуш К. Национальности в империальном контексте (Ливиу Ребряну «Лес повешенных»). Создателем румынского психологического романа рядом с Камилем Петреску и Гортензией Пападат-Бенеску был Ливиу Рябряну. В романе «Лес повешенных» описано драматическое событие казни авторового брата Емиля Ребряну, офицера авcтровенгерской армии за попытку бегства. Цель статьи – проанализировать эволюцию национальной идеи в контексте исторической ментальности в романе румынского писателя. Отмечено, что несмотря на все нововведения в нарративном искусстве упомянутого жанра, автор остается «промоутером геометрических архитектур». Как признает сам Ребряну, вопросы, поднятые в художественном труде, превышали частную сферу и стали символической драмой для румын из Трансильвании, вынужденных поднять оружие против своих собратьев. Литература того периода, как депозитарий времени и пространства, изображает все аспекты эпохи. Выводы. Писатель определил символы эпохи, которые и осуждает как движущие в конфликте между румынами Трансильвании и Юга Карпат.Darabus C. Nationalities in the imperial context (Liviu Rebreanu «Forest of hanged»). Aim of investigation. The evolution of the idea of the nation in the context of the history of mentalities has juggled between the overbid of ethnos in shaping collective identity or in his supra-national identities melt of Communist origin, more recently-corporate, and the sources of diversity have changed along the time, contemporary ones being the rivers especially the phenomenon of migration and ethno-political division, diversification which force to consider the multinational democracy. Not that stood on top of things, in a Central Europe contorted by interests they had lost under the impulse of coagulation during the 19th century, century of exacerbation of the idea of nation based on ethnic factor. Creator of the psychological Romanian novel, alongside Camil Petrescu and Hortensia PapadatBengescu, Liviu Rebreanu evokes, in the novel Forest of the Hanged the dramatic event of his brother's execution, Emil Rebreanu, an officer in the Austro-Hungarian army, for attempted escape. The method of this research it is a socio-literary one, based on the concepts of "nation" and "multiculturalism" in the beginning of the 20th century. The report collectivity/ individuality, sociopolitical landscape/consciousness acquires different consistency in the context of World War I. The dominance of the normative multiculturalism not facilitates the communication and the homogenization of interests, but contrary, accentuates them. These generalizations are customized through an individual experience that of the Romanian officer Apostol Bologa, forced to obey to fight on the military camp against the others Romanians, located at the south of Carpathians. The others characters belong, also, to others ethnic groups, placed at the beginning of the 20th century, in the AustroHungarian Empire, and living, in turn, the limits of this normative multiculturalism.Some of them prefer prudence and concealing, and some of them, as Svoboda and Bologa, are choosing radical solutions by desertion. It's the only way to solve the problems of conscience. The key point of the novel is the discussion in the military canteen, between officers, a miniature debating of the inhabitants of the Empire, concerning the notion of authority.Scientific novelty: the article proposes an interdisciplinary approach, at the intersection of the literary studies with the sociology (especially the behavior of the multiethnic group) and the psychology. Conclusion: in a context of crises, the characters valued the importance of humanity; Apostol Bologa shall be released of anguish by death, rescaling which heroism means