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ID: <

oai:doaj.org/article:93c84b975f3a4e3fb5118aecc96d877e

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Effect of atorvastatin on the treatment of moderate chronic periodontitis

Abstract

Introduction: Statins are hydroxymethyl glutaril coenzyme A reductase inhibitors that have been used to treat hypercholesterolaemia. They have been reported to have favourable effects on bone metabolism by reducing the risk of fractures and in some studies an increase in bone mineral density. In view of the above, the objective of this study was to compare the more atorvastatin periodontal (ATV) treatment on the periodontal and alveolar bone parameters versus periodontal treatment plus placebo in patients with moderate chronic periodontitis (PCM). Materials and Methods: A controlled, double-blind, randomised study involving 38 patients with PCM aged 35 to 65 years, who were given ATV treatment for three months (20 mg/day, n = 19) or complex B (control group n = 19). All patients received the same periodontal treatment at the start of the study. Blood samples were taken in fasting to quantify glucose, lipid profile, alkaline phosphatase, N-telopeptides and 17-estradiol. The following endpoints were assessed: Depth of the peridontal bags, gingival bleeding, gygival recession, loss of insertion, dental mobility, and dentobacterian plaque, as well as the distance from the honeycomb to the enamel cement bond (COA-UCE). All measurements were carried out at the start and end of the study. For the analysis of the data, the t-test for dependent samples and its non-parametric alternative were used to observe differences between the two groups. The Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons was calculated on the basis of P. In order to observe differences between the groups by gender and menopausal state, the t-test was used for independent samples or its non-parametric alternative U of Mann-Whitney. A p < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The end-to-end parameters improved in both groups. However, the ATV group showed a significant decrease in dental mobility (= -0.17 ± 0.11 % vs. = -0.06 ± 0.11 %, p < 0.005). The COA-UCE distance decreased significantly in the ATV treated group when compared to the control group (= -0.75 ± 0.7 mm vs. = -0.09 ± 0.4 mm, p < 0.0003). As expected, in the ATV group cholesterol and LDL (p <.00002 and p <.0002 respectively), as well as triglycerides and LLDVs with a p <.05, were reduced in both. Conclusion: These findings indicate that ATV causes significant improvements in dental mobility and alveolar bone height, suggesting a beneficial effect of statins on the treatment of PCM. ATV was well tolerated for three months.

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