This article examines the social barriers that persons with disabilities face in the exercise of their sexuality and reproductive self-determination. The situation of women with disabilities is emphasised, as the control of their sexuality and reproduction has characterised various societies and is an area of social subordination. The working methodology has mainly consisted of reviewing trials and articles from the social sciences, as well as empirical work on the situation of people with disabilities mainly in some Latin American countries. As a theoretical framework, the social model of disability and a constructivist concept of sexuality have been adopted. The main barriers encountered by persons with disabilities in exercising their sexuality and reproductive self-determination are: (I) the a priori denial of the possibility of achieving the hegemonic ideals of feminity and masculinity (although these ideals may be called into question, the fact that it is impossible a priori to achieve them leads to social rejection because they are valued by various social institutions with power); (II) control of reproduction; (III) discrimination in sexual and reproductive health care and access to information; and (iv) the increased social vulnerability to sexual violence of women with disabilities.