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Article

English, Turkish

ID: <

oai:doaj.org/article:97d8341961de401789984f006ec9fecd

>

·

DOI: <

10.33420/marife.904735

>

Where these data come from
Old Serah: City, Geography, History and Society

Abstract

To Yaqoud al-Hamevi (d. According to the geographical book 626/1229), Serahs was built during the Ahamenian Empire (559-330 BCE) on behalf of the son of Dazar I, who took the throne after Keycavus. It is named after this Persian ruler. Available archaeological data also indicate that the city was founded in time for Ahamenites. The former Serahs city is now situated in the oasis formed by the lower arms of an arm separated from the river on the right side of the Tecen River, a natural border between Iran and Turkmenistan. Archaeological data show that Serahs is located at the distribution point of river branches that feed the Iron Age settlements of the oasis. It could therefore be said to have been the administrative centre of the oasis since the time of its construction. In their works, Muslim geographical contractors point to very few rural settlements attached to the Serahs, with two governors attached to the city, one rustâk and twenty-four villages. In terms of location, Serahs situated between Merv and Nishabur from the major cities of Horasan, which was considered to be connected to Merv by early geographical sources. Serahs was captured by many empires before the Muslims came to this territory. First, the city, conquered by the Greek-Macedonian king Alexander the Great, probably took over the Selevcos after his death. Followed by the Parts, probably the Ak Huns, and the Syrians for about four centuries. HZ. Following the destruction of the Saudi Empire in the first wave of conquering in Omar's time, Abdullah b. Hazim (d. He was conquered by peace by 72/691 and joined the territory of Islam (31/651-52). A relatively peaceful and stable era can be said to have occurred in Serahs under the Emeviid and Abbasid administration (including the Titans). However, there has been fighting in the area between Samani, Gazenes and Seljuks after the Hazzarenes. With a decisive victory in the Dandanakan War (431/1040), Serahs stayed under the Seljuk State for a long time. In particular, the period of Sultan Sencer was a period of time when Serahs developed in a material, scientific and cultural sense. Under Muslim rule, Serahs appears to have experienced major changes in both physical and sociocultural structures. The most radical change in the physical structure of the city is the addition of the rabad unit to the city, as in other cities of Horasan. Although Islamic geographers do not point to a kuhendize (internal fort), it is the quantities of the city now called Serahs Castle. It is thus revealed that Serahs has the tri-city typology consisting of kuhendiz, city, and rabad. During the Islamic period it shifted from the city's centre of life to the rabada and expanded the settlement. Perhaps more important than the physical change of the city is that Muslim Arabs in the social life of the city are therefore taking part in the cultural life of Islam. In particular in the Age of Abbasidi, positive developments in his existing policy also appear to have contributed to Islam in Serahs. Fazl b. Sehl es-Serahî (d. 202/818), Ma'mun (salt. 813-833) he became a Muslim and managed to rise to the position of Queen. We can say that Islam was almost entirely dominated by the Seljuks at the time of the coming of the Seljuks, when Islam continued at the same pace in the time of the Tazarenes, the Samos and the Gazenes. One of the main indicators of this is the records of Islamic geographers on taxes obtained from Serahs. The tax revenues included in the text of the agreement during the conquering show are increasingly decreasing in the records of later periods. Although the Tecen River's branches are likely to indicate a decrease in agricultural production, depending on the irregularity of water provided to the Serahs oasis, we believe that what is more effective is speeding up in the Serahs oasis as well in the Serahs oasis. As it is known, taxes continued to be taken from Muslims, one of the most important problems of the Empression in Horasan. The fact that there is no record of the ongoing problem in historical sources allows us to say that the biggest obstacle to the military, together with the Abbasids, has been lifted, thus gaining speed and the decline in taxes from non-Muslims. One of the most important consequences of the arrival of Seljuks (426/1035) is without a doubt the Turkish territory. As of this date, other ethnic and cultural elements in the region have seen a decrease in influence, and traces of Turkish communities and culture have become permanent. Like all Horasan, the effects of the Mongol invasion in Serahs were devastating, despite the development activities of the Timurlus era, but the city was never able to return to its glory days.

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