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oai:doaj.org/article:a0c86b524a3b468e949b0b088769421a

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DOI: <

10.34753/HS.2020.2.1.32

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Abstract

In the Trans-Baikal Territory there is a large number of mismanagement anti-flood protective hydraulic structures built without proper design and control of correctness of compliance with the technology of production of works. Some of the dams have no owners and are not taken into account in the register of hydraulic structures, their condition and mode of use are not controlled. During operation, protective dams are subjected to mechanical and hydrodynamic influences, which poses a threat of increased risk of additional damage due to overestimated level of protection of the territories. It is necessary to account for such structures in order to make recommendations on their further use or repair. This article describes the experience of using unmanned aerial vehicles (hereinafter referred to as UAVs) for the examination of landless anti-flood protective hydraulic structures of the Trans-Baikal Territory. The scheme of conducting such surveys, including several stages, is considered. At the initial stage, it is necessary to install ground reference points-markers and coordinate them, then overfly the territory of the UAV and receive a series of photographs. The next stage includes photogrammetric processing of survey data and obtaining spatially tied terrain models and orthophotomaps, which are then analysed in order to detect defects in structures. The use of UAVs in the survey of protective flood protection structures demonstrated the possibility of better assessment of their condition compared to traditional methods of instrumental observations. To obtain the best result in modeling, it is recommended to shoot from a height of not more than 200 m and to use coordinated reference points that can be seen from the air to bind the model to the coordinate system. In this case, an error in determining the ground surface marks will not exceed the spatial resolution of the image. The location of the reference points does not have a significant impact on the accuracy of determination of the terrain model. The Literature Kurganovich K.A., Shalikovsky A.V., Kurganovich N.A., Golyatina M.A. Experience of application of Earth remote sensing data and unmanned aerial vehicles for solving water management problems//Collected Materials of XIV International Scientific and Practical Symposium and Exhibition “Clean Water of Russia” (Ekaterinburg, April 18-20, 2017). Yekaterinburg, 2017. PP. 58-62. Shalikovsky A.V., Kurganovich K.A. Estimation of danger and risk of economic use of river floodplains of the Upper and Middle Amur basin//Bulletin of Chitinsky State University. 2011. NO. 11 (78). P. 119-124. James M.R., Robson S. straightforward reconstruction of 3D surfaces and topography with a camera: Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres. 2012. Vol. 117. ISS. F3. P. F03017. DOI: 10.1029/2011JF002289 Khaloo A., Lattanzi D., Jachimowicz A., Devaney C. Utilising UAV and 3D computer vision for visual inspection of a large gravity dam//Frontiers in Built Environment. 2018. Vol. 4. Art. 31. DOI: 10.3389/fbuil.2018.00031 Ridolfi E., Buffi G., Venturi S., Manciola P. Accuracy analysis of a dam model from drone surveys//Sensors. 2017. Vol.17. ISS. 8. P. 1777. DOI: 10.3390/s17081777 Shalikovskiy A., Kurganovich K. Flood hazard and risk assessment in Russia//Natural Hazards. 2017. Vol. 88. ISS. S1. PP. 133-147. Szeliski R. Computer vision: Algorithms and applications. Available at: http://szeliski.org/Book/ Ullman S. The interpretation of structure from motion//Proceedings of Royal Society London Biological Sciences. 1979. Vol. 203. ISS. 1153. PP. 405-426. DOI: 10.1098/rspb.1979.0006 Westoby M.J., Brasington J., Glasser N.F., Hambrey M.J., Reynolds J.M. ‘Structure-from-Motion’ Photogrammetry: A low-cost, effective tool for Geoscience applications//Geomorphology. 2012. Vol. 179. PP. 300-314. DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2012.08.021

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