Painting has always been the most important evidence of history. It has preserved documentary records before the invention of any modern means of photography. Since I studied painting in historical periods throughout the human history starting with the appearance of symbols and marks in the first man layouts, I found the oriental paintings to be the most accurate and aesthetically pleasing in recording and preserving the Arab heritage. Regardless of the circumstances and conditions they came with into the Arab countries. Hence, we find that the motivation to discover the secrets of the East and magic and light of the sun. pictures of farms and fields and markets and the ways of trade are often found along with interesting drawings of Arab women in the rituals of weddings and daily life. Scholars of culture and heritage often refer to these oriental paintings. The preservation of heritage came to clothes according to the country where the orientalist resided and architectural styles along with the economy of the country of trade or agriculture.  in fact, we cannot locate an aspect the portrayal of orientalists has not covered. The problem of research is to describe and explain the role oriental painters played in preserving the Arab heritage of the 19th century. In this research I discuss the ability of oriental painters to preserve the important details of the Arab heritage, and the quality of what they have transmitted to us and the impact of there paintings on several literatures meant to preserve Arab heritage in those times. I assume through this research: that oriental painters did have a significant role in preserving the Arab heritage which has many fields interested in the Arab heritage. The research includes several main themes: Arab heritage and its comprehensiveness, oriental painters and their role in recording the Arab heritage. Categorizing paintings of orientalists by each Arab country they have established. The present study seeks to teach paintings of orientalists and shed light on their role in preserving the Arab heritage and emphasizing their high craftsmanship and technical performances to preserve the evidence of time. The research aims to monitor the historical role of Orientalist painters by studying and analysing the most important elements they have taken in their paintings.