To accept pluralism as a reality of society means recognising the plurality of human inputs that have constituted national society and continue to renew it. Our teaching offers us few cognitive points of reference regarding the construction of the national community and its plurality. In the same way teaching activities cannot escape the call for the founding values of democracy, and we cannot forget that school, as a social framework, is itself the seat of often virulent logic of ethnicisation. Contributing to the affirmation of “harmonious interethnic relations” means, however, putting emphasis on interpersonal relationships in which ethnicity intervenes or may intervene to some extent as a determinant of integration. These relationships will be harmonious if they are open and freed from the denigration, distrust or violence that characterises them in the ability to engulf people who are very different from us.