The purpose of this text is to highlight the role of poetry as an essential element in the independence project, in its dual capacity as, on the one hand, creating the new emancipated reality and, on the other, building an imaginary of nation in republican keys. The text provides a reading of the poems La victoria de Junín. Singing to Bolívar from José Joaquín de Olmedo and speaking to poetry. Fragments of a poem entitled “America” and Agriculture in the Andrés Bello Turtle Region. The analysis focuses on these poems as essential for shaping American peoples’ nation imagination. The hypothesis of the text is that, in the absence of its own imaginary, poetry will be essential because of its figurative function, and it is the poet-prosceres that replace the lack of a common and specific past around which the nation could be built as an imagined community.