Objectives The aim of the study is a multifaceted analysis of New Psychoaktive Substances(NPS), which will allow for a deeper understanding of the causes of such a wide scale of NPS their diversity and ease of accessibility. Considering the above, the article attempts to stress the priority issues according to the article’s author and which are crucial in the process of NPS prevention. Material and methods The author used:national and international studies and articles, internal and international laws,data from UE and United Nations, data of law enforcement agencies. The methods used are: formal-dogmantic, legal-comparative and sociological method. Results The observed phenomenon is an attempt to bypass the law by launching psychoactive substances on the market whose possession and sale is not regulated by the existing drug law. The number of chemically and biologically modified substances is dramatically increasing and the substances themselves are increasingly stronger and threatening people's health and lives. Conclusions Particular attention should be paid to the development of appropriate legal mechanisms in the area of NPS control. At present, one can see an intensified system of creating new or amending existing legislative regulations.The reason for the development of new psychoactive substances to date was, on the one hand, the weakness of the legal regulations in force, both national and international, and on the other, specialized technical and chemical capabilities of manufacturers.The mechanisms functioning in the EU as well as legal regulations in individual countries have been improved.The introduced provisions are aimed at enabling a more effective fight against NPS.The activities of prevention, detection and control of new psychoactive substances are important in the process of effective fight against NPS.