This article presents a reflection about the development of Mexican anthropology in recent decades, especially since the publication of the text De eso que llaman antropología mexicana (Warman, Nolasco, Bonfil Olivera, & Valencia, 1970). II consider that this publication represents a shift in the anthropological practice as it presents a much more militant and active approach, as well as a recognition of the colonial dimension in its configuration as a discipline. I am interested in demonstrating what the changes in social anthropology in Mexico were from that decade on, and what has been the presence of postcolonial discussion in the discipline. I also analyze whether it has generated a critical and de-colonial view from which the ways in which the indigenous is represented as otherness is questioned, contrasting in this way the influence of the post-revolutionary Mexican indigenous policy that was valid until the end of the 1970's. Finally, I point out the two sides of Mexican anthropology that I consider to have made a reading close to the postcolonial debate, although they are not necessarily recognized as part of that perspective.