Faced with the scope and prospects of advances in science and technology, many, taking the view that religion is related to phenomena or aspects of life and of the world temporarily unexplained, argued that it would gradually shift its borders as scientific rationality progresses, until it disappears from the horizon of human beings. The philosophical current of illuminism had opened that path and, enthusiassed by the industrial revolution of the XVIII-IXX centuries in Europe, some announced the decline of religion. Philosopher Karl Marx and his supporters spread this view fairly, presenting religion not only as a prelogical reality, but also as an opium, a slavery for human beings.