Red Nationalism? A Brief Overview of the Origins of Polish Stalinism This article argues against the still-dominant idea that Polish Stalinism must be interpreted in ‘exteriority’ and ‘rupture’ due to the Soviet Union’s political grip over the country. The period of Stalinist rule comprising a particularly dense and fecund time in Polish history, one that can only be understood within the framework of Poland’s past and present: the period’s origins and metahistory. The discursive gesture of depriving certain historical actors of their legitimate agency ECHOES the privileges over ethnicity and politics within Polish Socialist circles at the turn of the twentieth century. There is, however, a disturbing Paradox in the historical outcome of this distant debate: The ones which are carried out out of the project of a Polish mono-ethnic state were the disciples of Polish revolutionary internationalists. Red nationalism? Contribution to the genealogy of Polish Stalinism The article is still prevalent with the still prevailing view that, due to the political dominance of the Soviet Union over the then Polish Stalinism, Polish Stalinism should be regarded as ‘external’ and ‘zeroing’. Stalinism was a particularly remarkable and intense period of Polish history, a period which can only be understood in relation to the past and present of Poland, in the context of its origins and metahistory. The disarguable gesture of blurring the real influence of some actors on history is a source of thought for the conflict that took place in the socialist movement around the role of ethnicity in politics at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. However, these past disputes had a paradoxical outcome: the implementation of the mono-ethnic project of the Polish National State was carried out by epigoods of Polish revolutionists-internationalists.