Diante of the social need to publicise information about human rights violations and to manage and spread the memories of repression and resistance to military dictatorships in the context of the Southern Cone, the aim of this work is to provide partial results of an empirical research on two topics: archives of repression and resistance in Brazil and Argentina; and transitional justice and publicity of information on deaths and disappearances in Brazil. To this end, literature research has been undertaken both in order to characterise the inclusion of remembrance issues in social sciences and information science, and in order to understand the fundamental elements that permeate the concept of transitional justice, a case study has also been undertaken in the National Archive, in the Brazilian context, and in the National Archive of Remembrance, in the Argentinian context. There is a need for public and social policies to promote access to information relating to human rights violations stored in the abovementioned archives, and highlights the need for scientific research to be undertaken within the framework of the Archivology, Libromy and Museology in order to enhance the organisation, dissemination and management of these informational stocks.