Nowadays, those who describe the minds of the people are statistics based on opinion research, with the same safety as those who use the thermometer to measure the temperature of the body. Make two mistakes: they do not capture the mind, and do not observe the social complexity and historical breadth of how the way a people ‘thinks’ and ‘feels’ is formed. This text does not use a termtometer, aware of the distorted view of a diver in the water, he seeks to immerse in the mind of the Brazilian people, but without accepting the description of the sea made from the beaches: books, classrooms, libraries or websites. It is difficult to know whether these ideas will serve as a basis for awakening an ethical indignation with reality, or whether they were the product of such indignation. But it would be difficult to write without a strong and indignious indignation at its origin with Brazil’s reality.