Ecocritical and the links between humanity and nature are persistent themes in the work of the Martinian author Patrick Chamoiseau. In his first book, Chronique des Seven miseres (1986), he wrote: “We need to accompany the energy of the brother world, not submit it” (Chronique 140), an argument that unveils the struggle between European power and the other during the colonisation period, and shows that nature and human beings have been controlled by the same colonisers. This article shows how the conquest of land and identity by European authorities are closely linked in the Americas, and how this conquest is the source of the subsequent post-colonial exploitation of Martinique and Guadeloupe by metropolitan France. An in-depth analysis of Chronique by Chamoiseau will reveal how the author represents universal conscience, which aims to unify humanity and nature through his presentation of the relations between the characters and the earth, and the character of the natural world. This article examines the links between identity and environment in Chronique and the way Chamoiseau resists dualism between nature and humanity through these links. Secondly, the relationship between colonial intervention and exploitation of both humanity and nature and the problems of food production in the region will be discussed, before examining the role that capitalism and consumerism have played in the perpetuation of this dualism.