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English, French

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On There Being Wide Reflective Equilibria: Why it is Important to Put it in the Plural

Abstract

Wide reflective multilatbrium [WRE] is a distinctive method of justification or explanation or both, depending on the domain or purpose for which it is affected. I deploy it principally as a method of justification for accounts of morality and normative political and social theory. But it is also used in many domains from the philosophy of mathematics and science to ethics and AESTHETICS. When deployed in domains as I deploy it for here, WRE starts with a cluster of societies’ specific considerations at all levels of generality. I use it here in principle for a justification of political Liberalism where it can and should be used for an internal justification, as John Rawls uses it, and as an external justification as Richard Rorty uses it. I use it for both. Whether these two modes of justification are distinct, they are compatible and imported so. And for a more complete justification, both are required. The extended reflective balance is a distinctive justification or explanation method, or both, depending on the area or end for which it is deployed. I use it mainly as a method of substantiating morality reports and normative political and social theory. But it is also used in several fields from mathematics and science philosophy to ethics and aesthetics. When deployed in areas as I see here, the extended reflective balance has as its starting point a group of judgements considered and uncontroversial empirical beliefs and theories specific to societies and seeks to organise them in a coherent way with other judgments considered at all levels of generality. I use it mainly to justify political liberalism where it can and should be used for an internal justification, as John Rawls does, and for an external justification, as Richard Rorty does. I use it for both. Although these two modes of justification are distinct, they are compatible and do so in a significant way. And for a more complete justification, it is necessary to both.

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