The tomato wild relative species Solanum habrochaites (previously known as Lycopersicon hirsutum) is a potential source of novel genes for tomato breeding. It shows resistance to many diseases and pests, cold tolerance and fruit quality traits. This species inhabits the western Andean slopes at high elevations from central Ecuador to central Peru. In this study the genetic variation of S. habrochaites was studied using 91 accessions from the whole range of distribution of this species. To this end, we employed two kinds of markers: 9 SSRs and 6 AFLP combinations. The Principal Coordinate Analysis based on AFLP data showed the existence of clinal genetic variation from north to south. The accessions of the different geographic groups were sequentially arranged in the first axis from north to south and a clear separation between them was found. The groups from the centre of the area of distribution showed the highest variation and heterozygosis. 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Pattern of genetic variability of Solanum habrochaites in its natural area of distribution

Geographical distribution of animals and plants

[EN] Whiteflies and spider mites are amongst the most harmful eggplant (Solanum melongena) pests. Considering the need for reduction of chemical applications for whitefly and spider mite control, the exploitation of wild relatives of eggplant as sources of pest resistances represents an important strategy in order to improve cultivated eggplant. The objectives of this study were to evaluate 15 accessions from 11 species of eggplant wild relatives together with sevenS. melongenaaccessions for resistance to sweet potato whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) and to two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae). Resistance to whitefly was evaluated based on number of eggs, nymph, puparium and whitefly adults in a choice bioassay, while for two-spotted spider mite it was based on leaf damage scores in the choice and no-choice bioassays. The results revealed significantly (P < 0.05) different levels of resistance to the two pests among the accessions evaluated. Considering all screening parameters in the whitefly choice bioassay, the highest levels of resistance in wild eggplant relatives were detected inSolanum dasyphyllum(DAS1) andS. pyracanthos(PYR1), although one of the cultivatedS. melongena(MEL2) accessions also displayed similar resistance levels. In addition,S. campylacanthum(CAM8) andS. tomentosumTOM1 were also resistant to whitefly based on numbers of puparium and adult whiteflies. Two accessions ofS. sisymbriifolium(SIS1 and SIS2) exhibited strong resistance to two-spotted spider mite based on the choice and no-choice bioassays. High levels of spider mite resistance were also detected in the no-choice assay inS. dasyphyllum(DAS1) andS. torvum(TOR2) accessions. These resistant accessions can be used in pre-breeding program aiming to breed pest-resistant cultivars in cultivated eggplant. Moreover, to our knowledge, this study represents the first report on potential sources of resistance to whitefly and two-spotted spider mite in wild relatives of eggplant. This work was undertaken as part of the initiative ``Adapting Agriculture to Climate Change: Collecting, Protecting and Preparing Crop Wild Relatives'' which is supported by the Government of Norway. The project is managed by the Global Crop Diversity Trust with the Millennium Seed Bank of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew UK and implemented in partnership with national and international genebanks and plant breeding institutes around the world. For further information, go to the project website: http://www.cwrdiversity.org/.This work has also been funded in part by World Vegetable Center core funds from Republic of China (Taiwan), UK aid from the UK Government, United States Agency for International Development (USAID), Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR), Germany, Thailand, Philippines, Korea, and Japan. Taher, D.; Ramasamy, S.; Prohens Tomás, J.; Rakha, M. (2020). Screening cultivated eggplant and wild relatives for resistance to sweetpotato whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) and to two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae). Euphytica. 216(10):1-13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-020-02692-w Abudulai M, Shepard BM, Mitchell PL (2001) Parasitism and predation on eggs of Leptoglossus phyllopus (L.) (Hemiptera: Coreidae) in cowpea: Impact of endosulfan sprays. 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Screening cultivated eggplant and wild relatives for resistance to sweetpotato whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) and to two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae)

02.- Poner fin al hambre, conseguir la seguridad alimentaria y una mejor nutrición, y promover la agricultura sostenible

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Grandillo S, Chetelat R, Knapp S, Spooner D, Peralta I, Cammareri M, Perez O, Termolino P, Tripodi P, Chiusano Ml, Ercolano MR, Frusciante L, Monti L, Pignone D (2011) Solanum sect. Lycopersicon. In: Kole C (ed) Wild crop relatives: genomic and breeding resources, vol 5., VegetablesSpringer, Netherlands, pp 129–215

Highly efficient genomics-assisted development of a library of introgression lines of Solanum pimpinellifolium

Architecture, Western (Western countries)

Ταυτότητα (φιλοσοφική έννοια)

Εξατομίκευση (φιλοσοφία)

Alonso-Blanco, C., Koornneef, M., & van Ooijen, J. W. (s. f.). QTL Analysis. Arabidopsis Protocols, 79-100. doi:10.1385/1-59745-003-0:79

Performance of a Set of Eggplant (Solanum melongena) Lines With Introgressions From Its Wild Relative S. incanum Under Open Field and Screenhouse Conditions and Detection of QTLs

the Centre for Conservation and Improvement of Agrodiversity (CoMAv) of the Polytechnic University of Valencia hosts one of the most important collections of entries of the genus Lycopersicon, including cultivated tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum, L. esculentum var. cerasiforme) and related wild species (L. cheesmanii, L. pimpinellifolium, L. hirsutum, L. pennellii, L. chmilewskii, L. parviflorum L. peruvianum and L. chilense). Although tomato is one of the world’s most economically important vegetables, ambiguities remain in its taxonomy as well as doubts about its domestication. In fact, intermediate shapes are often observed between the cultivated tomato and the cerasiform botanical variety, as well as between the cerasiform form and the species L. pimpinellifolium. Intermediate forms have also been detected between L. pimpinellifolium and L. cheesmanii, endemic in the Galápagos Islands. These species are the subgenus Eulycopersicon, interfertile with the cultivated tomato. Of these, the cerasifrome botanical variety is considered to be the ancestor of the tomato and there has been evidence of intrusion phenomena between L. pimpinellifolium and tomato. Theories on tomato domestication are not unique, with Jenkins (1948) and Rick (1958) theories being opposed to the most recent theories of Rick and Fobes (1975) and Rick and Holle (1990). In order to help clarify these aspects, this Doctoral Tesis pursues the following objectives: 1.- study of the morphological and molecular variability of these species 2.- Clarification of philogenetic relationships between species of the subgenus Eulycopersicon. 3.- establishment of conservation strategies for these species, in particular Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium, for which significant differences in the degree of alogamia have been described. 4.- start of the formation of a nuclear collection in the collection of entries of L. pimpinellifolium del CoMAv Domingos, JP. (2003). Analysis of variability in species of the subgenus Eulycopersiwith most related to cultivated tomato [Tesis doctoral]. Publishing house Universitat Politèca de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/10914

El Centro de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad (COMAV) de la Universidad Politécnica de Valencia alberga una de las colecciones más importantes de entradas del género Lycopersicon, incluyendo el tomate cultivado (Lycopersicon esculentum, L. esculentum var. cerasiforme) y sus especies silvestres relacionadas (L. cheesmanii, L. pimpinellifolium, L. hirsutum, L. pennellii, L. chmilewskii, L. parviflorum L. peruvianum y L. chilense). A pesar de ser el tomate una de las hortalizas de mayor importancia económica a nivel mundial, siguen existiendo ambigüedades en su taxonomía así como dudas sobre su domesticación. De hecho, se observan en muchas ocasiones formas intermedias entre el tomate cultivado y la variedad botánica cerasiforme, así como entre la forma cerasiforme y la especie L. pimpinellifolium. Igualmente se han detectado formas intermedias entre L. pimpinellifolium y la especie L. cheesmanii, endémica de las islas Galápagos. Estas especies constituyen el subgénero Eulycopersicon, interfértiles con el tomate cultivado. De ellas, la variedad botánica cerasifrome está considerada como el ancestro del tomate y se ha comprobado la existencia de fenómenos de introgresión entre L. pimpinellifolium y el tomate. Las teorías sobre la domesticación del tomate no son únicas, oponiéndose las teorías de Jenkins (1948) y Rick (1958) frente a las más recientes de Rick y Fobes (1975) y Rick y Holle (1990). Para contribuir a la clarificación de estos aspectos, en la presente Tesis Doctoral se persiguen los siguientes objetivos: 1.- Estudio de la variabilidad morfológica y molecular de estas especies 2.- Esclarecimiento de las relaciones filogenéticos entre las especies del subgénero Eulycopersicon. 3.- Establecimiento de estrategias de conservación de estas especies y en especial de Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium, para la que se han descrito diferencias importantes en el grado de alogamia. 4.- Inicio de la formación de una colección nuclear en la colección de entradas de L. pimpinellifolium del COMAV Domingos, JP. (2003). Análisis de la variabilidad en las especies del subgénero Eulycopersicon más relacionadas con el tomate cultivado [Tesis doctoral]. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/10914

Analysis of variability in species of the subgenus Eulycopersiwith most related to cultivated tomatoes. 

Análisis de la variabilidad en las especies del subgénero Eulycopersicon más relacionadas con el tomate cultivado.

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Pattern of genetic variability of Solanum habrochaites in its natural area of distribution

Screening cultivated eggplant and wild relatives for resistance to sweetpotato whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) and to two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae)

Highly efficient genomics-assisted development of a library of introgression lines of Solanum pimpinellifolium

Performance of a Set of Eggplant (Solanum melongena) Lines With Introgressions From Its Wild Relative S. incanum Under Open Field and Screenhouse Conditions and Detection of QTLs

Analysis of variability in species of the subgenus Eulycopersiwith most related to cultivated tomatoes.

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