International audience Dopaminergic neuronal cell death, associated with intracellular α-synuclein (α-syn)-rich protein aggregates (termed ‘Lewy bodies’), is a well-established characteristic of Parkinson’s disease. Much evidence, accumulated from multiple experimental models has suggested that α-sy...

International audience A study is presented analyzing tremor in the voice of speakers that were diagnosed with Parkinson's disease (PD). The examined sounds are sustained /a/s, originating from a large dysarthric speech corpus. Six measures of vocal tremor are extracted from these vowels by applying...

Freezing of gait (FOG) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is described as a short-term episode of absence or considerable decrease of movement despite the intention of moving forward. FOG is related to risk of falls and low quality of life for individuals with PD. FOG has been studied and analyzed through...

Cet article présente les caractéristiques de l'écriture d'une personne atteinte de la maladie de Parkinson, ainsi que l'influence des traitements de la maladie sur ces caractéristiques. L'expert est ainsi amené à mieux connaître cette source de variation de l'écriture, et vise à l'aider à évaluer le...

Lewy bodies are intracytoplasmic aggregates that are the major pathological feature of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Their primary protein component, α-synuclein (α- syn), adopts an amyloidogenic fibrillar form in Lewy bodies. In recent years research has slowly started to unravel clear pathological lin...

Dans cet article, nous avons analysé certaines variables temporelles de la parole lue parkinsonienne. Six personnes souffrant de la maladie de Parkinson ont lu un texte dans deux conditions expérimentales : 1) après une privation de L-dopa de 12 heures (condition Off)..; 2) après l´administration de...

Learning from actions is a key ability for survival. But do we learn differently depending on whether the action outcome is positive or negative? Did the brain integrate different choice dimensions such as rewards, punishments or physical efforts in the same way? Do they all rely on the same neural...

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is one of the most common adult-onset debilitating neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) which is characterized by a chronic progressive degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons, resulting in muscular atrophy, paralysis and ultimately death. It has been establishe...

Over the last few decades, the importance of ophthalmic examination in neurodegenerative diseases of the CNS has reportedly increased. The retina is an extension of the CNS and thus should not be surprising to find abnormal results in both the test exploring visual processing and those examining the...

Mutations of PARK Genes and Alpha-Synuclein and Parkin Concentrations in Parkinson’s Disease

Feature Extraction Methods for Studying Surface Electromyography and Kinematic Measurements in Parkinson’s Disease

Due to the aging of societies the increased prevalence of patients with dementia is observed. Parkinson’s disease is one of the most frequent neurodegenerative disorders and occurs mainly among the people agedover 50 years. Caring for a person with Parkinson’s disease is not only exhausting physical...

`pbBien connue pour ses aspects moteurs, la maladie de Parkinson ne possède à ce jour aucun traitement curatif. Après quelques années, la maladie se complique par l’apparition de symptômes non moteurs, de fluctuations de réponse et d’une plus grande sensibilité aux effets secondaires des médications...

The article is an attempt at a new reading of Stanisław Barańczak’s poetry by using Charles Mauron’s psychocritical method. Four volumes of poems are subjected to analysis, in which the writer’s obsessive metaphors are extracted, allowing the unveiling of his personal myth. It turns out that the rom...

Burst-firing in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is a hallmark of Parkinson’s disease. Previous in vitro studies have raised the hypothesis of the involvement of dopamine D5 receptor (D5R) in the genesis of this pathological activity. Here we have shown that D5R exert a constitutive activity in vivo, w...

Response inhibition plays a major role in cognitive control. Understanding these mechanisms is essential because their dysfunctions may cause symptoms in many psychiatric and neurological diseases. The relationship between brain activity and behavior are particularly difficult to understand because...

Pathologies affecting the striatum (e.g., Parkinson’s and Huntington’s disease) can result in impaired habit learning abilities. Likewise, such impairments have also been observed after stroke affecting the middle cerebral artery territory (encompassing the striatum). However, habit learning has nev...

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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder of unknown etiology, not only characterized by motor signs but also by non-motor symptoms, including neuropsychiatric and cognitive dysfunction. The results obtained in the last decades show that the cognitive changes in PD are heterogeneous;...

Parkinson’s disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, after Alzheimer disease. It is characterized by a slow, continuous death of dopaminergic neurons in the nigrostriatal pathway, followed by severe motor and non-motor symptoms. Parkinson’s disease affects 6.3 million peoples, wi...

International audience

One of the main challenges for living organisms is the ability to constantly adapt their motor behavior. In the first study of this thesis, we investigated the role of statistical regularities and operant conditioning on anticipatory smooth eye movements (aSPEM), in a large set of healthy participan...