Assuming selective vulnerability of short association U-fibers in early Alzheimer's disease (AD), we quantified demyelination of the surface white matter (dSWM) with magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) in 15 patients (Clinical Dementia Rating Scale [CDR] 0.5-1; Functional Assessment Staging [FAST]: 3...

Pamięć jest jednym z kluczowych pojęć nauki i jest ono obecne w opracowaniach naukowych z zakresu psychologii, pedagogiki, socjologii, językoznawstwa, historii, kulturoznawstwa, a także np. neurobiologii czy informatyki...

Systemic insults trigger neuroendocrine, neurovegetative and behavioural responses. Amygdala is particularly involved in anxiety and fear but also in the generation of post-traumatic stress disorder (i.e. PTSD). Amygdala is part of the limbic system and modulates the neuroendocrine and the autonomou...

The in vivo analysis of a model organism, such as the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, enables fundamental biomedical studies, including development, genetics, and neurobiology. In recent years, microfluidics technology has emerged as an attractive and enabling tool for the study of the multicellula...

We propose that the interface between phonology and phonetics is mediated by a transduction process that converts elementary units of phonological computation, features, into temporally coordinated neuromuscular patterns, called ‘True Phonetic Representations’, which are directly interpretable by th...

International audience Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are major signalling molecules in the central and peripheral nervous system. Over the last decade, they have been linked to a number of major human psychiatric and neurological conditions, like smoking, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's dise...

Responsable : Fekrije Selimi Publications Sigoillot S.M., Monk K.R., Piao X., Selimi F., Harty B.L., « Adhesion GPCRs as Novel Actors in Neural and Glial Cell Functions: From Synaptogenesis to Myelination », Handb. Exp. Pharmacol., vol. 234, 2016, p. 275-298. Usardi A., Iyer K., Sigoillot S.M., Duso...

International audience Understanding the organization of complex behavior as it relates to the brain requires modeling the behavior, the relevant mental processes, and the corresponding neural activity. Experiments in cognitive neuroscience typically study a psychological process via controlled mani...

peer reviewed

Decision-making deficits are at the centre of the definitions of addiction disorder. These deficits would be only the expression of a motivational bias because of which the patient is feeling the sensation of ‘craving’ and chooses to consume the substance of dependence in an automatic and compulsive...

The main aim of the paper is to show that many previously forgotten discoveries within the field of neuroscience own their rediscovery and renaissance to the refinement of tools provided by the technological advances. Most spectacular is the advancement of brain imaging techniques, which provide har...

`titreb The notion of addiction in economics and its challenge to the theory of rational choice `/titreb This article analyzes the economic literature of the last forty years in the field of addiction and studies its relation to the theory of rational choice. It emphasizes the structuring role of th...

International audience From the end of the 1950s to the mid-1970s, a huge amount of work and various controversies focused on the isolation and characterization of the "molecules of memory". Did such molecules exist, and if so, what was their nature? Was it possible to transfer a specific acquired b...

Animals living in groups make movement decisions that depend, among other factors, on social interactions with other group members. Our present understanding of social rules in animal collectives is mainly based on empirical fits to observations, with less emphasis in obtaining first-principles appr...

International audience We investigated the relationship of anthropometric markers of obesity with quantitative magnetic resonance imaging markers of brain aging, including measures of total brain volume (TBV), gray matter volume (GMV), hippocampal volume, white matter hyperintensity volume (WMHV), a...

L’intérêt d’une démarche de prévention précoce, dès la grossesse, relève de l’évidence. Elle nécessite cependant un profond changement de culture pour toutes les disciplines, puisqu’il s’agit d’ouvrir au plus tôt un dialogue approfondi avec les futurs parents, afin d’ajuster le suivi global à leurs...

International audience Nicotine stimulates dopamine (DA) neurons of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to establish and maintain reinforcement. Nicotine also induces anxiety through an as yet unknown circuitry. We found that nicotine injection drives opposite functional responses of two distinct popul...

Partout dans le monde, on constate non seulement la persistance, mais bien le creusement des inégalités en matière de santé. Le Québec ne fait pas exception : on a estimé qu'environ cinq ans d'espérance de vie et près de quinze années de vie en bonne santé y séparent les populations les plus défavor...

Prof. Bradbury tells about his early years, his training at the Rockefeller University, an interlude at Cornell and then his move to University of California at San Diego. He was then enticed back to accept a position at Cornell.

Major depressive disorder (MDD ) is a chronic and recurrent psychiatric condition characterized by depressed mood, social isolation and anhedonia. It will affect 20% of individuals with considerable economic impacts. Unfortunately, 30–50% of depressed individuals are resistant to current antidepress...

Paleopathology has, with few exceptions, not identified diseases of the nervous system. We use the term Paleoneurobiology to encompass a branch of knowledge concerned with the study of the neurobiology of ancient humans and animals. To begin with we embarked upon an examination of sural nerves, vent...

Formation of the cerebral cortex and commissures involves a complex developmental process defined by multiple molecular mechanisms governing proliferation of neuronal and glial precursors, neuronal and glial migration, and patterning events. Failure in any of these processes can lead to malformation...