The causal relationships between spot and futures crude oil prices have attracted the attention of many researchers in the past several decades. Most of the studies, however, do not distinguish among the various oil market situations in analyses of linear and nonlinear causalities. In light of the f...

This paper investigates the relationship between international reserves changes and foreign exchange rate movements for five Far Eastern countries (China, Japan, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Korea) from January 1997 to May 2020. We use the quantile Granger causality test and the quantile autoregressive mo...

This paper empirically examines the role of religious tourism in sustainable development to the projection of Saudi Arabia 2030. This study observes the causal relationship between hajj pilgrims and economic growth in the KSA by conducting a quantile Granger non-causality test. We show that the caus...

This paper is the first of its kind to measure the income level of a country’s tourist arrival and empirically examine its impact on economic growth and environmental pollution in a sample of eight Mediterranean countries. The paper undertakes annual data from 1995 to 2014 and employs quantile...

The aim of this paper is to analyze the dynamic evolution of six liquidity proxies ontime, and to find their causality with the French CAC 40 stock market index returns, overthe period from January 2007 to December 2018. For that, we use a vector autoregressiveapproach and the impulse response funct...

The present paper investigates the impact of pollution information transparency index (PITI) on eco-efficiency using a novel panel dataset covering 109 key environmental protection prefecture-level cities in China over the period 2008–2015. We apply an extended data envelopment analysis (DEA) model,...

Sustainable development and reducing environmental pressure are major issues that concern developed as well as developing countries. Although researchers widely use carbon dioxide emissions and ecological footprint within the scope of environmental degradation, a more comprehensive ecological indica...

This paper explores the impact of investor sentiment on financial markets in China by taking the quantile causality test. We find that government bond markets, gold markets, and foreign exchange markets are affected by stock investor sentiment, except for in the corporate bond market. In extreme sit...

This paper investigates the effectiveness of environmental tax and renewable energy in mitigating CO2 emissions in 18 Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) countries for the period 1994–2018 after controlling for financial development, non-renewable energy and economic growth. We applied the recently no...

This paper analyses the causal relationship between financial development and international trade using data of 21 developed and developing countries from 1961 to 2010 and appropriate time series techniques that allow us to decompose the source of causation according to the order of integration of t...